Discussions on the history and historiography of Australia's New England

Wednesday, June 05, 2019

Harry Freame: odd jobs man in Japan




John McEwen, Australian Minister for External Affairs: "the Consul-General of Japan considers the Freame appointment an excellent one, as Mr Freame had created a very favourable impression." This is the sixteenth in a series on Australia's early intelligence activities, the twelfth on the life of Harry Freame.

We come now to the next and last stage in the life of Harry Freame, one that would be as shrouded in mystery as all those that had gone before.

 I have spoken before in this series about the problems Australia faced in finding Japanese language speakers. I have also talked about the sometimes chaotic and ad hoc Australian approach to Australian intelligence gathering.

We will now see both in operation.

On 4 December 1939, Australian Military Intelligence employed Harry Freame on “secret defence work”.

There is no evidence that Harry had retained any intelligence links while living at Kentucky, but now there was need for Japanese speakers. His role was to monitor the small Japanese community living in New South Wales.

August 1940 was a big month for Harry. He married again. His new bride was a nurse, Harriet Brainwood, a divorcee with a son and daughter. He began working for the Military Censor as a Japanese linguist while retaining his intelligence role. He was also under consideration for another role.

Japan was a strategic threat to Australia, but it was also a major trading partner. Still hoping to avoid war, the Australian Government decided to open a Legation in Tokyo. This was an historic move, for this was Australia’s first diplomatic post outside the Empire and Commonwealth. 

Sir John Latham was appointed as Australia’s first Minister to Japan. A special act of Parliament was required since Latham was also Chief Justice of the High Court. Harry was offered and accepted the job of interpreter and odd jobs man, an unusual combination, at the new legation. 

In September 1940, Australian newspapers carried detailed stories on the Freame appointment including, in many cases, references to his secret defence work. Someone had backgrounded the papers and all hell broke loose.

 The Minister for the Army, P A McBryde, wrote to the Minister for External Affairs, John McEwen, to express his concern at the leak. The “possibility cannot be overlooked that this appointment may now be viewed with suspicion in Tokyo.”

McEwen defended his Department.

Freame’s activities were well known to the Japanese authorities in Australia. Further, his Department had specifically raised the question of Freame’s appointment with the Consul-General of Japan who had responded that the Freame appointment “was an excellent one, as Mr Freame had created a very favourable impression.”

Despite the assurances from the Consul-General, this leak would have unfortunate consequences.
Note to readers: This post appeared as a column in the Armidale Express Extra on 29 May 2019. I am repeating the columns here with a lag because they are not all on line outside subscription. You can see all the Belshaw World and History Revisited/History Matters columns by clicking here for 2009, here for 2010, here for 2011, here for 2012, here for 2013, here for 2014, here for 2015,  here for 2016, here  2017here 2018, here 2019   

2 comments:

Johnb said...

I would suspect from the Japanese point of view Jim they might prefer Harry in Japan, he would be seen as an Australian strategic asset by virtue of his language skills.. It would also seem likely that the newspaper stories were leaked with an interest in preventing Australia from making this political move given the ever developing geo-politics of the times. We might not have a Harry Freame but there do seem parallels to our own times.

Jim Belshaw said...

That's interesting, John. They might well have, but there were always differences within the Japanese position. The K seem to have been a world of their own!Given the link came from Australian sources, I think that it was part of an Australian game.